intradermal test
Definition
Noun: A diagnostic procedure where a small amount of a suspected substance (allergen or antigen) is injected just beneath the surface of the skin (into the dermis) to observe the body's localized reaction, typically used to detect allergies or immune responses.
Usage
This term is used in medical and clinical contexts to describe a specific type of allergy or sensitivity test. It is a formal, technical term. - The doctor ordered an intradermal test to determine if the patient was allergic to penicillin. - An intradermal test is often more sensitive than a prick test for certain allergens.
Examples
- Before starting the new medication, the nurse performed an intradermal test to check for a tuberculin reaction.
- My allergist uses an intradermal test for bee venom sensitivity because it provides a clearer result.
- A positive intradermal test usually appears as a raised, red bump at the injection site.
Advanced Usage
- Interpretation of Results: The result of an intradermal test is read by measuring the diameter of any resulting induration (firm bump) or erythema (redness) after a set period, usually 48-72 hours.
- Comparative Sensitivity: In immunology, the intradermal test is noted for its high sensitivity in detecting delayed-type hypersensitivity, making it crucial for diagnosing conditions like tuberculosis (Mantoux test).
Variants and Related Words
- Intradermal (adjective): Relating to or situated within the layers of the skin.
- The vaccine was administered via an intradermal injection.
- Skin Test (noun): A broader category of tests that includes intradermal, prick, and patch tests.
- Mantoux Test (noun): A specific type of intradermal test used for tuberculosis screening.
Synonyms
- Intracutaneous test
- Subdermal test (less common)
Related Phrases/Procedures
- Skin Prick Test: A different allergy test where the allergen is placed on the skin's surface, which is then pricked.
- Patch Test: A test where allergens are applied to patches placed on the skin for an extended period.
Noun
-
a form of skin test in which the suspected allergen is injected into the skin
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